Semantic is the study of meaning (science of meaning), meaning based on dictionary, and definition by suggesting words or phrases which we are given to understand. Meaning itself is ideas or concepts which can be transferred from the mind of the speaker or writer to the mind of hearer or reader by embodying them, as it were in the form of one language or another. The context in meaning is very important because certain aspects of meaning change with the context of 'utterance'. Meanings, in short, are held to be objective, that is to say, they are not dependent on the ways any given person happens to understand them autonomous and disembodied. Furthermore, it is known that words, sentences, texts, and discourses have meaning in themselves.
Understanding language implies three main points that are:
Know the words and morphemes that compose them
Know how meanings of words combine into phrases and sentence meanings
Interpret the meaning of utterances in the context in which they are made
Lexicon is the part of grammar which deals with the knowledge speakers/hearers/readers possess about individual words, morphemes, including semantic properties.
The semantic also establishes relationships between the words such as 'synonymy, antonymy, polysemy, and homophony. Synonymy is the relationship between words or expressions that have the same meaning in some or all contexts while antonymy is the relationship between words that are opposite with respect to some components of their meaning. Homonyms are unrelated senses of the same phonological words, some orders distinguish between homograph, sense of the same written words, and homophons, senses of the same spoken words. Polysemy (multiple meaning) is a property of single lexeme with several distinguishable meanings.
Aspects of Meaning
Denotation is the set of elements in the real world picked out by the linguistic expression; connotation, on the other hand, includes the set of associations (personal or communal) that evoked by the use of a word. When we analyze word meanings we should distinguish two separate concepts called 'denotational and connotational meaning'. The denotational meaning gives us the basic meaning of a word on conceptual level (this is the dictionary definition). One aspect concerning the connotational meanings is the social meaning which varies between age-groups, sexes, social classes and cultures.
Other Conceptual relation
Metaphor is a figure of speech in which a term is transferred from the object it ordinarily designates to an object: it may designate only by implicit comparison or analogy. Metaphor belongs to daily language. It is a typical linguistic phenomenon and concerns our way of thinking because it is our own though that is metaphorical.
Image, icon, metaphor and symbol are figures of speech, or artistic conventions, where one thing stands for another in a kind of semantic relation.
Scope of Semantics
Naming
Concept
Sense and reference
Word
The sentence
Deixis and Entailment
Diexis is a process whereby words or expression rely absolutely on context, the context from which the reference is made, in other words, and the viewpoint that must be understood in order to interpret the utterance. Implication or entailment is used in propositional logic and predicate logic to describe a relationship between to sentences or sets of sentences.
Analysis
What I would do in my analysis is taking some song titles (from Coldplay) and making the syntax semantic analysis. The steps of syntax semantic are:
Part of speech/function
Word/phrase/clause or sentence
Entailment
A Rush of Blood to the head
A [ei,c] def. article : one
Rush [rž•] n : rapid movement; sudden advance; sudden demand
Of []f, cf] prep : belonging to; coming from living in; created by
Blood [blžd] n : red liquid flowing through the body; family/descent; new member with new ideas (idiom from fresh blood)
To [t�] prep : in the direction of; reaching state of; toward
The [dhc,dhi] def. art : used for referring to a particular thing
Head [hed] n : part of the body that contains the eyes, nose, brain etc; ability to think; mind
The entailment of the noun phrase:
Passion or desire
Illogical things
Something doesn't make sense
The Hardest Part
Hardest [ha:dcst] adj : (the superlative form of 'hard') difficult to understand or explain; needing mental or moral effort; causing unhappiness, discomfort, or pain; difficult to endure
Part [pa:t] n : some but not all; one of number of divisions; mainly (idiom from most part)
The entailment of the noun phrase:
The most difficult thing in our life
The moment which still remain the pain
The saddest story which is unforgetfull
God Put a Smile upon Your Face
God [gZd] n : being that is believed to have power over nature and control over human affairs; the maker and ruler of the universe
Put [p�t] v : move to a certain place or position; write or mark; cause to be in a certain state
Smile [smail] n : expression of the face with the corners of the mouth turned up; showing amusement, pleasure, etc.
Upon [c'pZn] prep : on; covering, touching or forming part of a surface
Your [j]:(r)] adj : belonging to you
Face [feis] n : front of the head; expression shown on a face; surface (front) side of something
The entailment of the sentence:
God gives everyone of us a gracious thing
Smile can numb the pain when we get hurt
Everyone has a gift
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